the first day sessions includes the following :
1/ PERSPECTIVES ON THE ROLE OF GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF SUDANESE LIVESTOCK IN REALIZING FOOD SECURITY IN AFRICA
Presented
by: Prof. Dr. Mustafa Abdelmageed Mahir & Dr. Yasir Ahmed Hassan
Africa is densely populated and its states are developing or poorly
developed. This is aggravated by poor distribution of food, low production and
productivity and inability of people to gain access to food. This has a
deleterious effect on the health of the
inhabitants of all ages.
Most of the Sudanese livestock are nondescript or wild types in the
sense that they are not subjected to genetic improvement by the conventional
breeders tools, specially in the pastoral areas or free rangelands.
By the year 1950-1960, after tremendous efforts had been made in the
control of endemic diseases,
The advent of A.I. in the Sudan resulted in an immediate increase in
milk production whereby imported semen from European breeds are being tried on
the dual type Sudanese breeds.
The top stratum prevails in the privately owned farms and state owned
stations; they are located in the densely populated towns where milk supply is
in great demand. Thus up-grading with exotic germplasm is suitable, together with importation of
exotic breeds.
The middle stratum prevails in the outskirts and agricultural schemes
where management is poor. In these areas selection within breed and/or
upgrading with exotic tropical breed would be suitable.
The lower stratum of livestock in the nomadic range areas where stress
is severe liveweight gain, rather than milk, is required.
It is vitally important that at least considerable number should be
conserved in their specific environments as a future source of genetic
variation
It is possible in the near future to introduce modern techniques such as
genomic selection, embryo-transplants and screening the whole genome of our livestock
to discovery high producing strains of animals and those which have resistance
to diseases.
2/ Towards a competitive and sustainable African world
class livestock sector. How to Feed Africa in 2050 ?
Presented by: Dr. Eric Schmitt
The Challenge
· World trends.
· Today’s African Situation.
· Livestock and Artificial
Insemination Statistics.
The Opportunity: African Genetic potential
· Excellent adaptation: Climate &
Geographic.
· Disease Resilience.
· Consumption index.
Livestock Genetic & Efficiency Improvement: 3 world Examples
· France: Genetic Selection since 1960.
· India: White revolution/National
Dairy Plan 1970.
· Brazil: Genetic improvement with
Biotechnologies – Synchronization, Hybrid – 1998.
· An update on the current situation.
New Technologies
· Overview of Artificial Insemination
& Synchronization.
· Genomic selection.
· Sexing Technologies.
· IVF.
3/ French
experiences in genetic improvement in Livestock in Africa or in tropical
countries
Presented by: Dr O.Gérard Dr O.Gérard
Introduction
·
A livestock among the world leaders.
General objectives
•
To help third countries to fight starvation and
increase the yield of protein production.
Partnerships
Some practical examples
•
Terminal cross-breeding programme in Morocco.
•
Introduction of Tarentaise and Abondance breeds
in India.
•
Introduction of tarentaise breed in Egypt.
And what about SUDAN?
France can provide and all possibilities can be studied
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